It consists of two layers - visceral and parietal. The lungs are surrounded by a serous membrane called pleura. The main function of the lungs is to provide gas exchange between the atmosphere and blood by uptaking oxygen from the inhaled air and removing carbon dioxide from the blood. The lungs are the central organs of the respiratory system and, at the same time, the terminal part of the respiratory tract. They are expandable organs with a spongy structure that occupy most of the thoracic cavity and are situated on both sides of the mediastinum. There are two lungs in the human body - right and left. The lungs (plural in Latin: pulmones, singular: pulmo) are the main respiratory organs located in the thorax.
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